Casting mold



May 15, 1923.

C. D. PETTIS CASTING MOLD 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 2 1923 C. D. PETTIS GAS T I NG MOLD 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 2 1923 Patented May 15, 19230 CLIFTON D. PEPTIS, OE NEW YOBK,N. Y. I

CASTING MOLD.

Application flled..March 2, 1923. Serial No. 622,262

To all whom it may comer n:

Be it known that I, CLIFTON D. I )ETTIS, a citizen of the United States, res dlng at New York city, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements .i L.

Casting Molds, of which I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

The present invention has for its ob ect to provide an effective construction of casting mold whereby brake shoes or other artlcles ordinarily made of cast metal can be formed.

The invention consists in the features of novelty hereinafter described,.illustrated in the accompanying drawings and particularly pointed'out in the claims at the end of this specification. As Wlll hereinafter more fully appear, the invention relates more particularly to that class of casting molds designed to be repeatedly used in the casting operation and commonly designated as permanent molds.

Figure l is a view in side elevation of; a casting mold embodying my invention. Figure 2 is-a view in end elevation. Figure 3 is a view in vertical longitudinal section. Figure at is a view in vertical cross section all on line $4 of Fig. 3. Figure 5 is a view in vertical cross section on line 5-5 of Fig. 3.

A designates the base, preferably formed of cast metal, whereon my improved casting mold will be mounted. In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings,

my improved casting mold is shown as comprising a plurality of separable sections or members pivotally mounted upon the base A and forming a flask or-holder, each member carrying a corresponding part of the molding receptacle. To this end, the base A is formed with upstanding lugs 6 at each side of its center, through which lugs passes a pivot rod 7, this rod passing also through iugs or ears 8 depending from the bottom of the lower side members B. These lower side members B are pivotally mounted upon opposite sides of a centrally arranged stationary bar or support A that rises from and is preferably cast integral with the base A. Each of the lowermembers B has pivotally connected thereto an upper side member C, the pivoting of these upper and lower side members being conveniently efi'ected by a ,.l from the base of the members D which pivot rod 10 that passes through the lugs 11 of the lower side member and the lugs 12 of the upper side member, as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings. form the ends of my improved mold, depend lugs 13 through which pass the pivot rods. 14, the ends of these rods passing also through the upstanding lugs 15 that rise from the base A and may be cast integral therewith. This arrangement enables the end members D to swing about the pivot rods 14 when the mold is to be opened or closed. When the members are in closed position, as'shown in fulllines on the drawings, they may be retained in such position by suitable books 16, the free ends of which engage the pins 17 projecting outwardly from the upper side members C adjacenttheir ends.

In the preferred form" of my invention, each of the members B, C'and D is formed as a hollow casting, the outer walls of these membersbeing perforated as at 18 to allow free circulation of air around the exterior of the molding receptacle, to be presently described.

The molding receptacle is preferably formed of carboru'ndum or some like refractory material that may be molded in, the formiof blocks and that will alter great resistance to the intense heat of the metal to be cast. In the preferred embodiment ofthe invention, the walls of'the molding receptacle are formed in sections, each composed of a plurality of these blocks ofrefractory. material that are, of such construction that they can be readily assembled in the several members of the flask or holder. Thus, the bottom section of the molding receptacle is shown as comprising a series of blocks E mounted upon a longitudinally extending plate or support A that may be formed integrally at 1ts center with the upright lug or support A and may have its ends integral with the upri ht lugs A that rise from the base A (see igs. 3, 4 and 5). A key or guard plate A is formed with a rib 22 that enters acorresponding gmoove in the side walls of the blocks E,'this key being preferably formed also with a longitudinal rib 23 below the rib 22. The opposite walls of the blocks E (see Figd) are formed with similar grooves to receive the rib 21 formed on the supporting plate A. After the blocks.

E have been placed u on the support A the key A will M place in the position shown in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings, so as to interlock with the blocks E, and the key A will then be securely held in place by the screws 24, as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, the position of these screws being indicated also by dotted lines in Fig. 3 of the drawings.

Each of the lower side members B is formed at its top as shown with an inwardly projecting bar or support having at its inner end a longitudinal rib 26 and having also a depending rib 27. lhe

with the correspon support 25 engages the blocks F constituting a part of t e moldin receptacle. These blocks F are formed in eir upper portions with grooves to receive the ribs 26 and their lower portions are correspondingly shaped to engage the ribs 28 on the key or guard plates 30. In assembling the blocks F, their upper portions are first placed in engagement with the ribs 26 of the supports 25 after which the key or guard plates 30 will have their ribs 28 placed in enga ment ing grooves in the blocks F and will then be secured to the lower side members B by'screws 32, as indicated in Fig. i ofthe drawings.

As shown, each of the upper side members is provided with an inwardly projecting support 33 having a longitudinal rib 34 for engagement with the blocks G of refractory material that constitute the u per portion of the molding receptacle. he blocks G have their upper edges shaped to engage. the ribs 3% of the supports 33 and have their lower edges correspondingly shaped to engage with the ribs 36 on the key or guard plates 38. When the blocks G have been assembled as shown, with their upper ends interlocking with the supports 33, the key or guard plates 38 will be an aged with the lower edges of the blocks and will then be secured to the inwardly projecting lu 39 of the n'iembers- G by screws indicated by dotted lines 40 (see Fig. 4). When the blocks of refractory material constituting the bottom and side walls of the mold-' ing receptacle are assembled, as shown in the drawings, these blocks completely protect the metal parts of the flask from contact with the molten metal delivered to the castin chamber.

members D is provided with a key or guard incense W 3 of t e drawings, the key plates 44 will arranged as shown, so that their ribs 45. w ll engage the upper edges of the blocks H. The key plates 44 may beformed with outwardly extending lugs or flanges 46, through which screws (indicated by dotted, lines) may be passed to connect the keys or guard plates 44 to lugs 47 projecting inwardly from the wall of the members D.

By reference to Figs. 3 and 5 of the drawings, it will be seen that each of the members 0 is formed with an inclined curved depending web. or part 50 adapted to receive a corresponding half-conical block K of refractorym-aterial, these blocks K forming the pouring gate of the mold and meeting'upon' the parting line of the members C. Each of the curved depend-. ing parts 50 will be integral with the support 33 formed in the corresponding member C and will be provided at its lower end with a rib 51 corresponding-with the rib 34 on such support 33. The blocks G of refractory material in those portions of the members C opposite the depending parts 50 will be molded to proper shape to engage the lower ends of such parts 50, as indicated in Figs. 3 and 5 of the drawings, and these blocks G will also be molded with semi-cylindrical openings through which the cast metal may pass from the pouring gates to the interior of the casting chamber.

In the accompanying drawings, my improved casting mold is shown as of a shape specifically adapted for the casting of brake shoes for railway cars, although obviously the invention is equally applicable for the casting of any other articles.

One object in forming the molding receptacle of a plurality of blocks or sections is to avoid the danger of the breakage of this receptacle or of the flask or holder therefor incident to the expansion when the cast metal is poured therein. This object I have accomplished by forming the molding receptacle of such number of refractory blocks that the spaces between the blocks, while not large enough to permit the passage of molten metal therethrough, will nevertheless take care of the expansion of the blocks and so avoid the danger of breakage incident to such expansion. I am aware that materials when subjected to high temperatures have a definite co-eflicient of expansion, say 1/8th of an inch er lineal foot; hence if the molding receptac a were made in one piece and one foot long, the longitudinal expansion of the receptacle would amount to approximately l/Sth of an inch during the operation of casting. I am also aware that molten metal aaeaaaa by reason .of its viscosity will not flow through a small opening, say less than inch'and so take care of the maximum expension of the blocks. While the spaces between the blocks are not of suficient width to permit the passage of molten metal therethrough, they nevertheless effectively serve for the venting of the gases from the molten metal during the castin operation. This eliminates the necessity or a riser or venting gate. It will be understood that when the blocks are set in position upon their repect-ive supports, they will be held properly spaced apart by the several key or guard plates hereinbefore described.

A further advantage incident to. forming the molding rece tacle of a plurality of sections of blocks 0 refractory material is that the individual sections or parts of the receptacle can be readily replaced when required. By permitting a free circulation of air about the outer wall of the nioldin receptacle, the heat rapidly radiates there rom. This is a very advantageous feature.

The brake shoe W shown as in the casting chamber in Fig. 3 of the-drawings is of a familiary type, being formed with the usual center lug w and end lugs w, the center lug'w having an opening that will be formed by a core supported in pockets X. It will be understood, of course, that the inner faces of the blocks of refractory material will be properly shaped to form such parts as the center lug w and end lugs w; and where it is desiredto form a brake shoe having certain areas. chilled, cast iron blocks would preferably be used at such points of the molding receptacle, instead of the blocks of refractory material.

From the foregoing description, it will be seen that when the casting mold has its several parts in closed position as shown, the cast metal will be delivered through the pourin gate into the casting chamber, the gases rom the molten metal being vented through the spaces between the blocks of refractory material that compose the molding rece tacle. It is highly desirable that the casting should be quickly removed from the mold as soon as it is su ciently set and my improved construction of mold enables the mold members to be freely turned away from the casting without scraping or sliding against the casting.

While Ihave found it advantageous to form my blocks of carborundum or other highly refractory material, I am aware that metal or any other suitable substance can be used and I do not wish to be limited to any particular material or group of materials.

I claim as my invention:

1. A casting mold having a moldin receptacle comprising a plurality of bloc of refractory material, said blocks being s aced at art to permit the expansion of the b ocks, t e spaces between the blocks being of such width as to prevent the passage of molten metal therethrough while allowing for the escape of gases from said metal. I

2. A casting mold having a molding reurality of blocks of ta'cle comprising a apart suficiently to permit the expansion of the blocks and the escape of the gases from the metal but the spaces being of such width as to prevent the passage of the molten metal therethrough, the number of blocks and spaces corresponding to the extentof expansion of the material "composing the blocks.

3. A casting mold having a molding receptacle comprising a plurality of blocks of refractory material, separable flask sections wherein said blocks are removably supported, the block'supports of said flask sections being protected by said blocks against contact with the molten metal.

rep 31 re actory material, sai' blocks being spaced 4. A casting mold having a plurality of chambered flask members provided with sup: ports for a molding receptacle, and a plurality of blocks of refractory material formmetal flask members provided with inwardly extending supports, and a molding receptacle formed of blocks of refractory material shaped to interlock with said sup ports and protect them from contact with the molten metal.

.7. Aircasting mold comprising separable metal flask members having a molding receptacle formed of a plurality of sections of refractory material detachably connected thereto.

8. A casting mold comprising a plurality of se arable metal flask members each provided with a mold section formed of a plurality of separate blocks of refractory material detachably connected to said member,

said blocks forming, when said members are brought together, a casting chamber.

9. A casting mold comprising a metallic body formed of a plurality of separable members, each of said members being chambered and provided with inwardly projecting supporting means, said members having mounted upon their supporting means a plurality of blocks of refractory material adapted, when the members are brought together, to form a molding receptacle spaced from the metal walls of the body.

10. A casting mold comprising a plurality of hollow members provided with inwardly projecting supporting means, and a moldin receptacle formed of a plurality of bloc s of refractory material mounted upon said supporting means in such manner as to leave free space between the outer faces of said blocks and themorresponding walls of vthe members.

11. In a casting mold, a metal member provided with an inwardly projecting support, a plurality of blocks of refractory material mounted upon said support to form part of a moldin receptacle, and detachable means for ho ding said blocks removably in place thereon.

12. In a casting mold, a hollow" member provided with an inwardly projecting rib, a molding receptacle section comprising a plurality of blocks of refractory material mounted upon said rib, and a key plate detachably connected to said hollow member and engaging said blocks to retain them in position thereon.

13. A casting mold comprising a base member, end members, and a plurality of sides pivotally supported on said base member, each of said sides comprising two members hinged together and having a molding receptacle section of refractory material detachably connected thereto.

14. A casting mold comprising a base, two side members and two end members pivotally supported on said base, said members being providedwith inwardly projecting supports for a molding receptacle, said receptacle being formed of a plurality of blocks mounted upon said supports.

15. A casting mold comprising a base, two sides and two ends pivotally mounted upon said base, each of said sides comprising two sections hinged together.

16. A castin mold comprisin hinged side members and hinged end mem rs, eachzof said members being formed with an inwardlg projecting supporting bar'and being provi with a removable key or guard plate detachably connected to said member, and a molding receptacle formed of sections of refractory material detachably mounted upon the supporting bars of said members and held in place by said keys or guard plates.

raaaaaa 17. A casting mold comprising movable sectlons being carriedby the stationary member, and others of said sections by said side and said end members.

18. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle comprising a plurality of blocks form'- ing a casting chamber, certain of said blocks being spaced apart to permit the expansion of the blocks during the casting o eration.

19. In a casting mold, a mol ing receptacle comprising a plurality of blocks forming a casting chamber, certain of said blocks being spaced apart to permit the expansion of the blocks,-the spaces between said blocks being of such width as to prevent the passage of molten metal therethrough while allowing for the escape of gases from said metal.

20. A castin mold comprising a plurality of separable ask members each provided with a mold section formed of a lurality of separate blocks, certain of said blocks in each section being spaced apart .sufiiciently to permit the expansion of the blocks in the section. s

21. In a casting mold, a molding recelptacle of refractory material having its wa ls provided with venting openings, said open-.

ings being of such width as to prevent the passage of the molten metal therethrough.

22. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle having its walls provided with a plurality of venting slots, said slots bein of such width as to prevent the passage 0 the molten metal therethrough but permitting the escape of the gases. 2

23. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle having its walls slotted to permit expansion thereof and the escape of the gases,

the slots in said walls being of such width as to prevent the passage of the molten metal therethrough.

24. A casting mold comprising a frame, and a substantially closed molding receptacle supported therein, said receptacle being formed of a plurality of blocks of retractory material.

and a moldin receptacle supported therein, said receptac e being formed of a plurality of relatively movab e blocks of refractory material.

26. A casting mold coprising a flask,

ed within said flask with its walls spaced from the corresppnding Walls of the flask to and a separable molding receptacle support- 25. A casting mold comprising a desk,

aaeaaaa said receptacle being formed of a plurality of spaced blocks of refractory material.

.28. A castin mold comprising a metal flask, and a mofldin receptacle of refractory material supporte within said flask and separable therefrom with its walls spaced .from the corresponding walls of the flask to members, each of said members being chambered and provided with inwardly projecting su porting means, said members having upon t eir supporting means a plurality of blocks of refractory material adapted,',when

the members are brought together, to form a moldin receptacle spaced from the metal walls, an openings in said walls to permit the passage of air to and from the chambers in said members.

30. A casting mold comprisin body formed of a plurality o a metallic separable members, each of said members being chambered and provided with inwardly projecting supporting means, said members having upon their supporting means a plurality of blocks of refractory material adapted, when the members are brought together, to form a molding receptacle spaced from the metal walls, openings in said Walls to permit the passage of air to and from the chambers in said members, and vent openings between said blocks.

31. In a casting mold, the combination with a flask, of a molding receptacle therein having its Walls provided with a plurality of slots extending therethrough to permit the expansion of the walls and the venting of the gases from the receptacle. 7

32. In a casting mold, he combination with a flask, of a molding receptacle of rev fractory material supported within said flask and having its walls provided with a plurality of slots extending therethrough to omit the expansion thereof and the venting of the gases from said rece tacle.

CLIFTON D. ETTIS. 

